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Fort Edmonton (also named Edmonton House) was the name of a series of trading posts of the Hudson's Bay Company from 1795 to 1891, all of which were located in central Alberta, Canada. From 1795 to 1821 it was paired with the North West Company's Fort Augustus. It was the end point of the Carlton Trail, the main overland route for Metis freighters between the Red River Colony and the west and an important stop on the York Factory Express route between London, via Hudson Bay, and Fort Vancouver in the Columbia District. The fifth and final Fort Edmonton was the one that evolved into present-day Edmonton. Fort Edmonton was also called Fort-des-Prairies, by French-Canadians trappers and coureurs des bois, and ''Amiskwaskahegan'' or "Beaver Hills House" by the Cree Indians during the 19th century.〔(Fort-des-Prairies )〕〔''Naming Edmonton: from Ada to Zoie'', (ed.) Merrily K. Aubrey, University of Alberta Press, Edmonton (Alta.), 2004, Edmonton Historical Board, Heritage Sites Committee. p. 18〕 ==Fort Edmonton, Mark I (1795–1801) == In the late 18th century, the Hudson's Bay Company was in fierce competition with the North West Company for the trade of animal furs in Rupert's Land. As one company established a fur trading post, the other would counter by building another post in close proximity. Expansion down the Saskatchewan River began in the 1790s. In the summer of 1795, the North West Company constructed Fort Augustus where the Sturgeon River (Alberta) meets the North Saskatchewan River near the present-day city of Fort Saskatchewan. In the following autumn, Hudson's Bay constructed Edmonton House nearby, where the Sturgeon River meets the North Saskatchewan River 34 km northeast of modern Edmonton. In a possible revelation of the competitive nature of the companies, Fort Augustus and Edmonton House's distance was described as being a "musket-shot" apart,〔(Fort Edmonton )〕 yet the proximity also offered mutual security to the European traders of both companies in a land where they were all intruders.〔Goyette, L. & Roemmich, C.: "Edmonton in Our Own Words", 25. University of Alberta Press, 2005.〕 Fort Edmonton was named by John Peter Pruden, clerk to the HBC's George Sutherland. The Fort was named after Edmonton, Middlesex, England, birthplace of both Pruden and HBC Deputy Governor Sir James Winter Lake.〔(William Howay: Builders of the West (Ryerson, 1929) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fort Edmonton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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